In Kentucky, it was time for the Apple harvest, which made it less likely to be perfect apples. One of the many reasons for the missing, ugly apple is somatic droplet and / or fly explosion. The two fungal diseases together are often called “soy flies”. Hygiene, traditional practices, and fungicides all play a role in disease management.
Sooty Blotch & Flyspeck Facts
• Signs of soy spoilage include irregular spots from dark brown to olive (Fig. 1, black arrow). Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be seen in dark places.
• Flippeck symbols appear as sharp, black, shiny dots gathered into clusters (Figure 1, red arrow). These black spots are pseudothecia.
• Soy and flaxseed can occur separately, but usually grow together (Figure 1).
• Infections can occur in the summer or fall.
• Both pathogens spread on fallen fruits, dried fruits (mummies), and cracks on bark and dead wood.
• Pathogens are limited to surface and fruit areas. The flesh of the fruit is not affected.
Management options
• Remove and discard sick fruits that help reduce immunity.
• At the end of the season, remove fruit from the ground, as well as cans and dead wood that may contain fungi.
• Homeowners and small-scale farmers can carry apples in bags to prevent disease (ENTFACT-218).
• Homeowners should report fungi containing capita or mangozeb immediately after the spring fall and every 10 to 14 days until harvest. Always follow account instructions.
• Business farmers must apply for ID-232 for fungal drug advice.
Additional Information
• Apple Fruit Diseases (PPFS-FR-T-2)
• Fruit, Garden and Vineyard Hygiene (PPFS-GEN-05)
• Garden Pests and Pesticides (Low Spray, No Spray and Organic Alternatives) (PPFS-FR-T-21) using cultural practices
• Simple Garden Apple Spray Instructions (PPFS-FR-T-18)
• The effectiveness of antifungal drugs in controlling apple disease (PPFS-FR-T-15)
• Commercial Fruit Pest Management Guide (ID-232)
• Bag Apple-Alternative Pest Management for Hobbies (ENTFACT-218)
For more information, call the Laski County Cooperative Expansion Service at 606-679-6361 and request any publications from the University of Kentucky above.
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The Lalaski Co. Extension Office is normally open to the public Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
A.D. Imagine becoming a Cumberland gardener by 2021. The program runs from September to December. For more information, go to the Lalaski County Extension website, click on ‘Gardening’, then click ‘Master Garden’.
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